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Title: Aquatic pesticidal compositions and method
Claims: What is claimed is: 1. A pesticidal "slick" formulation comprising: (a) 5 to 60% by weight of a pesticidal agent, (b) 0.2 to 4% by weight of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a non-ionic surfactant and mixtures thereof, said surfactant havig an HLB value of less than 12.5, and (c) a water-immiscible solvent/diluent selected from the group consisting of a water-immiscible solvent, a water-immiscible solvent with one or more water-immiscible diluents and mixtures thereof, said water-immiscible solvent/diluent having a mean specific gravity of less than 1 and being present in an amount to make up the balance to 100% by weight; the proportions of said constituents (a), (b) and (c) being such that said formulation has a positive spreading co-efficient value. 2. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the pesticidal agent is an insecticidal agent. 3. The formulation of claim 2, wherein the insecticidal agent is an organophosphate. 4. The formulation of claim 3, wherein the organophosphate is selected from the group consisting of O,O-dimethyl-O-[quinoxalkyl-(2)]-thionophosphate and O,O-diethyl-O-[quinoxalyl-(2)]-thionophsophate. 5. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the pesticidal agent is a herbicidal agent. 6. The formulation of claim 5, wherein the herbicidal agent is selected from the group consisting of a pyradazinone and a phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative. 7. The formulation of claim 6, wherein the pyradazinone is (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino)-2,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.-trifluoro-m-tolyl-3(2 H)-pyridazinone and the phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative is 2-methyl-4-chloro-phenoxy iso-octyl acetate. 8. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: a. a propylene oxide/ethylene-diamine/ethylene-oxide copolymer having an HLB value of 7.0, b. a sorbitol monolaurate having an HLB value of 8.6, c. an alkylaryl polyether-ethanol hving an HLB value of 9.1, d. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol monostearate having an HLB value of 9.6, e. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate laurate having an HLB value of 10.0, f. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value 10.2, g. a nonylphenylpolyethylene glycol ether having an HLB value of 10.9, h. a condensate of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic precondensate formed by condensing propylene oxide with propylene glycol, having an HLB value of either 11.0 or 12.0, i. a polyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value of 11.4, j. a polyethylene ether having an HLB value of less than 12.5, k. a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and l. a blend polyoxyethylene ether or fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having an HLB value of less than 12.5. 9. The formulation of claim 8, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene ether having an HLB value of less then 12.5, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and a blend polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5. 10. The formulation of claim 9, wherein the surfactant is a blend of polyoxyethylene ether/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5. 11. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a mixture of a solvent and a diluent. 12. The formulation of claim 11, wherein the solvent comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction. 13. The formulation of claim 12, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 130.degree.-220.degree. C, 161.degree.-182.degree. C, 187.degree.-213.degree. C or 203.degree.-267.degree. C. 14. The formulation of claim 12, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is a high boiling aromatic naphtha. 15. The formulation of claim 12, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is xylene, toluene or methyl-naphthalene. 16. The formulation of claim 11, wherein the solvent is a liquid, water-immiscible phenol. 17. The formulation of claim 16, wherein the phenol is technical grade nonyl phenol. 18. The formulation of claim 11, wherein the solvent itself comprises a mixture of separate constituents. 19. The formulation of claim 18, wherein the solvent consists of a mixture of xylene and nonyl phenol (technical grade). 20. The formulation of claim 11, wherein the diluent comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction. 21. The formulation of claim 20, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 175.degree. to 288.degree. C or 140.degree. to 200.degree. C. 22. The formulation of claim 21, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is kerosene having a boiling range of 175.degree. to 288.degree. C. 23. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a solvent which also serves as a diluent. 24. The formulation of claim 23, wherein the solvent is a mixture of solvents. 25. The formulation of claim 1, wherein the proportion of each constituent is arranged to provide a spreading co-efficient of at least +5 dyn/cm. 26. The formulation of claim 25, wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +5 to +30 dyn/cm. 27. The formulation of claim 26, wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +10 to +30 dyn/cm. 28. The formulation of claim 27, wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +20 to +30 dyn/cm. 29. The method of combating pests on or in a water locus comprising applying to the surface of the water locus a pesticidal formulation comprising: (a) 5 to 60% by weight of a pesticidal agent, (b) 0.2 to 4% by weight of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a non-ionic surfactant and mixtures thereof, said surfactant having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and (c) a water-immiscible solvent/diluent selected from the group consisting of a water-immiscible solvent, a water-immiscible solvent with one or more water-immiscible diluents and mixtures thereof, said water-immiscible solvent/diluent having a mean specific gravity of less than 1 and being present in an amount to make up the balance to 100% by weight; the proportions of said constituents (a), (b) and (c) being such that said formulation has a positive spreading co-efficient value, whereby said formulation distributes itself over water surface areas not covered by such initial application. 30. The method of claim 29 wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of plus 10 to plus 30 dyn/cm. 31. The method of claim 29 wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: a. a propylene oxide/ethylene-diamine ethylene-oxide copolymer having an HLB value of 7.0, b. a sorbitol monolaurate having an HLB value of 8.6, c. an alkylaryl polyether-ethanol having an HLB value of 9.1, d. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol monostearate having an HLB value of 9.6, e. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol oleate laurate having an HLB value of 10.0, f. a polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value of 10.2, g. a nonylphenylpolyethylene glycol ether having an HLB value of 10.9, h. a condensate of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic precondensate formed by condensing propylene oxide with propylene glycol, having an HLB value of either 11.0 or 12.0, i. a polyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate having an HLB value of 11.4, j. a polyethylene ether having an HLB value of less than 12.5, k. a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and l. a blend polyoxyethylene ether or fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having an HLB value of less than 12.5. 32. The method of claim 31 wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene ether having an HLB value of less than 12.5, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester having an HLB value of less than 12.5, and a blend polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5. 33. The method of claim 32 wherein the surfactant is a blend polyoxyethylene ether/alkylaryl sulphonate having a mean HLB value of less than 12.5. 34. The method of claim 29 wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a mixture of a solvent and a diluent. 35. The method of claim 34 wherein the solvent comprises an aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction. 36. The method of claim 35 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 130.degree.-220.degree. C, 151.degree.-182.degree. C, 187.degree.-213.degree. C or 203.degree.-267.degree. C. 37. The method of claim 35 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is a high boiling aromatic naphtha. 38. The method of claim 35 wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is xylene, toluene or methyl-naphthalene. 39. The method of claim 34 wherein the solvent is a liquid, water-immiscible phenol. 40. The method of claim 39 wherein the phenol is technical grade nonyl phenol. 41. The method of claim 34 wherein the solvent itself comprises a mixture of separate constituents. 42. The method of claim 41 wherein the solvent consists of a mixture of xylene and nonyl phenol (technical grade). 43. The method of claim 34 wherein the diluent comprises an aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction. 44. The method of claim 43 wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction has a boiling range of 175.degree. to 288.degree. C or 140.degree. to 200.degree. C. 45. The method of claim 44 wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon petroleum fraction is kerosene having a boiling range of 175.degree. to 288.degree. C. 46. The method of claim 29 wherein the solvent/diluent consists of a solvent which also serves as a diluent. 47. The method of claim 46 wherein the solvent is a mixture of solvents. 48. The method of claim 29 wherein the proportion of each constituent is arranged to provide a spreading co-efficient of at least +5 dyn/cm. 49. The method of claim 48 wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +5 to +30 dyn/cm. 50. The method of claim 30 wherein the spreading co-efficient is in the range of from +20 to +30 dyn/cm. 51. The method of claim 29 wherein the pesticidal agent is an insecticidal agent. 52. The method of claim 51 wherein the pesticidal agent is selected from the group consisting of O,O-dimethyl-O-[quinoxalyl-(2)]-thionophosphate and O,O-diethyl-O-[quinoxalyl-(2)]-thionophosphate. 53. The method of claim 29 wherein the pesticidal agent is a herbicidal agent selected from the group consisting of a pyradazinone and a phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative. 54. The method of claim 53 wherein the pyradazinone is (4-chloro-5-dimethylamino-2,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.-trifluoro-m-tolyl-3(2H )-pyridazinone and the phenoxy aliphatic acid derivative is 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy iso-octyl acetate. Other info: Inventors: Harvey, John Charles (Kendall Lakes, FL, US) Application Number: 374880 Filing Date: 1973-06-29 Publication_date: 1978-03-21 Assignee: Sandoz Ltd. (Basel, CH) Primary Class(es): 504/155 504/157, 504/363, 504/364, 514/80, 514/975 Other Classes: US Patent Ref:
Other Refs: Other References: McCutcheon's Detergents & Emulsifiers, p. 96 (1968). Gunther et al.--Modern Insecticides & World Food Production, pp. 65-67 (1960). | |