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Title: Photometric method for the quantitative determination of a material or substance in an analysis substance and photoelectric photometer for the performance of the aforesaid method
Claims: Accordingly, what is claimed is: 1. A photometric method for the quantitative determination of a substance in an analysis substance, wherein the course of the calibration curve representative of the functional dependency of an optical measurement magnitude upon the construction of the substance can be determined by at most a few parameters, comprising the steps of: providing a reference sample for a calibration curve parameter, said reference sample containing the substance to be analyzed in a known concentration wherein said concentration may be zero or greater, removing from the analysis substance a partial quantity to serve as an analysis sample, and producing from further partial quantities of the analysis substance at least one calibration sample of a different concentration than the reference sample, the calibration samples produced corresponding to the number of further calibration curve parameters by the addition of predetermined graduated quantities of the substance to be analyzed to the partial quantities of the analysis substance whereby the calibration samples have a higher concentration of the substance to be analyzed than the reference sample, each calibration sample thereby containing the substance to be analyzed in a concentration which is composed of the unknown proportion and a known proportion, illuminating the analysis sample, the reference sample and the calibration sample (s), and at least approximately simultaneously determining for all samples the values of the optical MEASUREMENT magnitudes, and mathematically determining the concentration of the substance in the analysis sample from the course of the calibration curve determined by the measurement magnitude values and the known concentration of the substance to be analyzed in the reference sample. 2. A photoelectric photometer for the quantitative determination of a substance in an analysis substance, comprising at least three photometric beam systems illuminated from a common light source, a means including one of said beam systems for detecting a reference sample and for obtaining a reference signal, a means including another of said beam systems for detecting an analysis sample and for obtaining a sample signal, a means including each further beam system for detecting a calabration sample and for obtaining a calabration signal determining a point on a calabration curve, each of said means further including photoelectric measurement value transmitter means operatively associated with the light source and each of said illuminated beam systems, and a computer operatively connected with said measurement value transmitter means so as to receive said signals. 3. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, further including an indicator device operatively connected with the computer for indicating the computer result in concentration units. 4. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein the photometric beam systems are designed for optical transmission measurements. 5. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein the photometric beam systems are designed for absorption measurements. 6. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein the photometric beam systems are designed for optical reflection measurements. 7. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein the photometric beam systems are designed for stray light measurements. 8. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein the photometric beam systems are designed for carrying out fluorescence measurement. 9. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein the photometric beam systems are designed for turbidimetric measurements. 10. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 2, wherein said photometric beam systems illuminated by a common light source are utilized for analysis substances possessing at least approximately linear calibration curves, the reference signal and the known substance concentration in the reference sample determining a reference point of the linear calibration curve, and wherein from the difference of the calibration signal and the sample signal and the known concentration proportion of the substance in the calibration sample and the known concentration of the substance in the reference sample there is determined the slope of the linear calibration curve, and wherein said computer which is connected with the photoelectric measurement value transmitter means delivers an output signal which is indicative of the concentration of the substance in the analysis sample. 11. The photoelectric photometer as defined in claim 10, wherein said photoelectric measurement value transmitter means comprises at least three photoelectric measurement value transmitters, each of said photoelectric measurement value transmitters being operatively associated with one of said beam systems, two differential amplifiers connected in circuit with said computer, one of said differential amplifiers being connected with the photoelectric measurement value transmitters of the beam system provided for obtaining the sample signal and the beam system provided for obtaining the reference signal, and the other differential amplifier being connected with the photoelectric measurement value transmitters of the beam system provided for obtaining the sample signal and the beam system provided for obtaining the calibration signal, in order to thereby obtain appropriate differential signals, said differential ampifiers having outputs at which there is connected an operational amplifier for division operations in order to obtain an output signal proportional to the quotient of the input signals, said output signal indicating the relationship of the unknown substance concentration in the analysis sample to the known substance concentration in the calibration sample. Other info: Inventors: Killer, Walter Heinz Peter (Allschwil, CH) Application Number: 583341 Filing Date: 1975-06-02 Publication_date: 1976-10-26 Assignee: Dr. W. Killer AG (CH) Primary Class(es): 250/565 250/575, 250/576, 356/36, 356/435, 356/442 Other Classes: US Patent Ref:
Other Refs: Primary Examiner: La Roche, Eugene Assistant Examiner: Attorney: Ladas, Parry, Von Gehr, Goldsmith & Deschamps |
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