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Title: Process for treating animal waste
Claims: The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows: 1. A process for treating poultry manure to transform same to a material suitable for use as a feedstuff for animals, which comprises the steps of: carrying out the following steps A and B in optional sequence, A. mixing poultry manure with an acid to neutralize the ammonia in the poultry manure, to change the pH of the poultry manure to less than 7.0 and to leave present in the poultry manure a catalytically effective amount of the acid, the acid being stable, non-toxic to animals and free of elements that cause bad taste and are unsatisfactory for animal nutrition, the mixing being carried out for a period of time effective to form a substantially uniform homogeneous mixture of said poultry waste and said acid, B. mixing into the poultry manure an amount of formaldehyde-supplying substance effective to kill essentially all the pathogenic bacteria present in said poultry waste, the mixing being carried out for a period of time effective to form a substantially uniform homogeneous mixture of the poultry manure, the acid and the formaldehyde-supplying substance, C. then mixing into the product from both of steps A and B, granular urea in an amount at least sufficient to react with the residual formaldehyde in the product of step B, to form urea-formaldehyde condensation products therein, and D. drying the product of step C to a moisture content of less than about 15 percent. 2. A process according to claim 1, in which in step A the pH of the poultry manure is reduced to from about 5.5 to about 6.0. 3. A process according to claim 1, in which the acid is selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, acetic acid and propionic acid, and the amount of acid is from about 0.5 to about 8.0 weight percent, based on the weight of the poultry manure calculated on a zero percent moisture basis. 4. A process according to claim 1, in which said acid is phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or mixture of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid, and the amount of acid is from about 1 to about 5 weight percent, based on the weight of poultry manure calculated on a zero percent moisture basis. 5. A process according to claim 1, in which the formaldehyde-supplying substance is added in an amount of from about 0.15 to 1.5 weight percent, based on the weight of poultry manure calculated on a zero percent moisture basis. 6. A process according to claim 4, in which the formaldehyde-supplying substance is an aqueous solution of formaldehyde, and the amount thereof is from about 0.3 to 0.8 weight percent of formaldehyde calculated as 100 percent formaldehyde, based on the weight of poultry manure calculated on a zero percent moisture basis. 7. A process according to claim 1, in which the amount of urea added is from about 1 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of poultry manure calculated on a zero percent moisture basis. 8. A process according to claim 6, in which the amount of urea added is from about 2 to about 10 weight percent, based on the weight of poultry manure calculated on a zero percent moisture basis. 9. A process according to claim 1, in which step A is carried out first and step B is carried out second, and in which before step A the poultry manure is dried to a moisture content of from about 50 to about 70 weight percent, and in which before step B the product of step A is dried to a moisture content of from about 20 to about 50 weight percent, and in which before step C the moisture content of the product of step B is regulated to be from about 15 to about 35 weight percent. 10. A process according to claim 1, in which in step D the product of step C is dried at a temperature below 132.degree.C. 11. A process according to claim 1, in which an acid-containing substance selected from the group consisting of citrus wastes, apple waste and grape waste is employed to supply some or all of the acid added in step A. 12. An animal feed comprising a mixture of the product of claim 1 and forage, cereal grains or mixtures thereof. 13. A method of feeding a ruminant animal which comprises feeding to said animal an animal feed as claimed in claim 12. Other info: Inventors: Karnemaat, John N. (Kalamazoo County, MI, US) Application Number: 501888 Filing Date: 1974-08-30 Publication_date: 1976-02-17 Assignee: General Environmental Systems Co., Inc. (Warsaw, IN) Primary Class(es): 426/2 426/69 Other Classes: US Patent Ref:
Other Refs: Primary Examiner: Monacell, A. Louis Assistant Examiner: Penland, R. B. Attorney: Woodhams, Blanchard and Flynn |
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