Title: Continuous casting process

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Abstract: A process of continuous casting a ferrous metal bloom or billet free of axial looseness and voids and having good chemical homogeneity in the central axial zone in which a molten ferrous metal is maintained in a tundish which supplys the molten metal to a continuous casting mold through a mold feeding nozzle at a superheated temperature above the liquidus temperature of the ferrous metal sufficiently high to avoid objectionable freezing or skulling in both the tundish and the mold feeding nozzle but not at such an elevated temperature that the molten metal cannot be cooled in the continuous casting mold to at least the liquidus temperature of the ferrous metal before the metal descends into the deep liquid core zone of the continuous casting. In the preferred embodiment cooling of the superheated ferrous metal in the continuous casting mold to at least the liquidus temperature before the molten metal enters the deep liquid core zone thereof is effected by feeding the molten ferrous metal superheated above the liquidus temperature from the tundish into the mold through a tubular feeding nozzle having the lower end submerged below the surface of the molten metal in the mold and discharging the molten metal into the mold in a plurality of transversely flowing streams which directly contact the inner surface of the mold wall and distribute the molten metal over an area of the mold extending between the upper surface of the molten metal and the upper edge of the air gap which is formed between the outer surface of the solidifying casting shell and the mold wall. When casting 1017 steel in accordance with the disclosed process the temperature of the molten metal in the tundish can be maintained at a superheated temperature up to about 20.degree. F. above the liquidus temperature, and the 1017 steel is preferably maintained in the tundish at a superheated temperature of at lest 5.degree. F. above the liquidus temperature and not substantially in excess of about 20.degree. F. above the liquidus temperature thereof.


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